Dear colleagues: At the recent annual conference of the Association for Asian Studies, Ya Zuo and Yiwen Li were so kind as to announce my forthcoming article, "The Naitō Hypostasis: Naitō Konan (1866-1934) and the Japanese Imperialist Legacy in the Historiography of Middle-Period China (800-1400 CE).” That article has now appeared, as an Open Access preview publication, in *History and Theory*: https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.70029 (The article will remain in Open Access after its formal publication in June.) I wish to share this article with the Song-Yuan listserv, because Naitō Konan has long been a central figure in the historiography of the Middle Period, but without a critical assessment of the historical background and purpose of his writings about the Tang, Song, and Yuan dynasties, including the notion of the Tang-Song transition. The abstract of the article reads as follows: In 1955, Hisayuki Miyakawa published an article that sought to introduce American and European scholars to the work of the Japanese Sinologist Naitō Konan (1866–1934). Miyakawa drew particular attention to what he called the “Naitō hypothesis”—that is, Naitō’s argument that China became modern during the Song dynasty (960–1279). Miyakawa neglected to explain, however, that Naitō conceived his periodization of the Chinese past in order to interpret current political developments in Japan and China and shape current political decisions rather than to interpret historical documents and that Naitō adjusted his periodization as relations between Japan and China deteriorated. Naitō supported and justified Japanese imperialist and colonialist policies by writing newspaper articles and scholarly publications as well as by working for the Foreign Ministry, as his own sons and the Black Dragon Society (or Amur River Society) acknowledged after his death. Naitō’s historical publications and political activities closely resemble those of German historians of Poland and the Baltic during the Weimar and National-Socialist periods. This article recommends that historians of Middle-Period China (800–1400) stop honoring Naitō as a founding figure of their field, both because the image of Naitō they honor derives from deliberately misleading Cold War representations of him and his work and because the political purposes of his scholarship have lastingly compromised his assumptions, analytical terms, evidence, interpretations, and conclusions. With regards, Christian C de Pee (he/him/his) Professor of History University of Michigan My recent articles on Naitō Konan ("The Naitō Hypostasis: Naitō Konan [1866-1934] and the Japanese Imperialist Legacy in the Historiography of Middle Period China [800-1400 CE]" <https://doi.org/10.1111/hith.70029>) and Marco Polo ("Marco Polo's Baggage: Manuscripts, Doubts, and a Mongol Lady's Headdress" <https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/1/article/946878>) and my latest book (*Urban Life and Intellectual Crisis in Middle-Period China, 800-1100 <https://www.aup.nl/en/book/9789463721660/urban-life-and-intellectual-crisis-in-middle-period-china-800-1100>*) are all freely available through Open Access.